The Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by both normal and malignant cells in the prostate gland. Elevated PSA levels may indicate prostate conditions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer. This test is essential for men over 50 or those with a family history of prostate issues. Regular PSA testing can help in early detection and monitoring of prostate health, enabling timely interventions and better management of prostate-related conditions.